It does not include any taxes or other added costs. The net price is sometimes confused with the term 'net cost.' Net cost is the amount paid by the customer after all discounts and rebates are applied. It's also known as the manufacturer's suggested retail price ( MSRP) or 'sticker' price.įor example, on a sale tag or listing, the list price is often followed by any amounts for discounts, followed by the discounted subtotal before taxes. net priceĪ list price is the starting point from which net prices are calculated. There are several other pricing terms used in conjunction with the net price. In some cases, net prices are displayed without including these taxes, stating that taxes will be added at the time of purchase. It's important to note that sales taxes, value-added taxes and other government-mandated charges may not be included in the list price but are added at purchase to arrive at the net price. What amounts are included in the net price?Īmounts added to the net price include charges for added value, royalties, shipping, duty, taxes, service and installation. For example, when two businesses agree on a contract price for goods or services to be provided over a period of time, that set price is the net price. Net price is also referred to as the actual price, and sometimes the negotiated price. Then subtract any discounts, rebates or negotiated prices. To calculate the net price, start with the list price and add any taxes and other government-mandated charges. Lesser electric ray ( Narcine bancroftii) (credit: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA’s Fisheries Collection).The net price is the value at which a product or service is sold after all taxes and other costs are added and all discounts subtracted. (c) How could this charge distribution be of use to the ray? Figure 11. (b) Sketch the equipotentials when the ray is near a ship with a conducting surface. (a) Sketch the equipotential lines surrounding the ray. (c) Sketch electric field and equipotential lines for this scenario.ġ0: The lesser electric ray ( Narcine bancroftii) maintains an incredible charge on its head and a charge equal in magnitude but opposite in sign on its tail ( Figure 11). (a) What is the electric field relative to ground at a height of 3.00 m? (b) Calculate the electric potential at this height. The potential for a point charge is the same anywhere on an imaginary sphere of radius $latex oldsymbol $. The term equipotential is also used as a noun, referring to an equipotential line or surface. These are called equipotential lines in two dimensions, or equipotential surfaces in three dimensions. While we use blue arrows to represent the magnitude and direction of the electric field, we use green lines to represent places where the electric potential is constant. Electric field lines radiate out from a positive charge and terminate on negative charges. Consider Figure 1, which shows an isolated positive point charge and its electric field lines. We can represent electric potentials (voltages) pictorially, just as we drew pictures to illustrate electric fields.

Compare electric field and equipotential lines.Describe the action of grounding an electrical appliance.Explain equipotential lines and equipotential surfaces.

Charging equil note